Raj, Kushaal and Lata, Roselyn A. and Ghazali, Firoz and Rohindra, David
(2018)
In - vitro pH responsive drug release kinetics of alkali extracted carrageenan crosslinked genipin/chitosan matrices.
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Abstract
In this study, carrageenan, a sulphated polysaccharide was extracted using KOH treatment of different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.3 M) from the red marine algae, Kappaphycus alvarezii. The alkali played a vital role in the transformation of carrageenan to its Kappa (κ) form thus improving the gelling properties. The membranes were prepared by blending varying amounts of κcarrageenan (20-40 v/v % of the prepared solution) with the cross linked chitosan and genipin solutions. The model drug was loaded onto the films by “encapsulating” it between two layers of the pre-gel blend solution and vacuum dried. Drug release from the membranes was investigated in three different pH media (1.2, 4.5, and 6.8) and was measured by UV/Vis spectrophotometer. Carrageenan treated with different concentrations of KOH had an impact on the sulphate content and molecular weight. With increasing KOH concentration, the sulphate recovered was 17.13, 15.72 & 8.71 % and the molecular weight was determined to be 64.2, 49.5, 8.2 ( x 105 g/mol ) respectively. This affected the gelling behaviour and as a result had an effect on the drug release profile. Membranes containing κ-carrageenan treated with 0.3 M KOH showed faster release of the drug than the carrageenan treated with 0.1 M KOH. However, there was little difference seen at a higher pH (6.8). This confirms that the release is responsive to pH changes. The release kinetics has been analyzed using the Zero order, First Order kinetic model, Higuchi plot and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model.
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