Chemodiversity of Calophyllum inophyllum L. oil bioactive components related to their specific geographical distribution in the South Pacific region

Ginigini, Joape and Lecellier​, Gaël J. and Nicolas, Mael and Nour, Mohammed and Hnawia, Edouard and Lebouvier, Nicolas and Herbette, Gaëtan and Lockhart, Peter and Raharivelomanana, Phila (2019) Chemodiversity of Calophyllum inophyllum L. oil bioactive components related to their specific geographical distribution in the South Pacific region. PeerJ, Online . pp. 1-21. ISSN 2167-8359

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Abstract

Background: Different parts of the tree Calophyllum inophyllum L. (nuts, leaves,
roots, bark, fruits, nut oil and resin) are used as traditional medicines and cosmetics
in most of the Pacific Islands. The oil efficiency as a natural cure and in traditional
cosmetics has been largely described throughout the South Pacific, which led us
to investigate C. inophyllum’s chemical and genetic diversity. A correlative study of
the nut resin and leaf DNA from three distinct archipelagos in the South Pacific was
carried out in order to identify diversity patterns in C. inophyllum across the
South Pacific.
Methods: Calophyllum inophyllum plants were sampled from French Polynesia,
New Caledonia and Fiji. We extracted tamanu oil (nut oil) resin for chemo-diversity
studies and sampled leaf tissues for genetic studies. We applied an analysis method
designed for small quantities (at a microscale level), and used High Performance
Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to establish the chemo-diversity of tamanu oil
resin. In-house standards were co-eluted for qualitative determination. Genetic
diversity was assessed using chloroplast barcoding markers (the Acetyl-CoA
carboxylase (accD) gene and the psaA-ycf3 intergenic spacer region).
Results: Our HPLC analysis revealed 11 previously known tamanu oil constituents,
with variability among plant samples. We also isolated and characterized two
new neoflavonoids from tamanu oil resin namely, tamanolide E1 and E2 which are
diastereoisomers. Although genetic analysis revealed low genetic variation, our
multivariate analysis (PCA) of the tamanu oil resin chemical profiles revealed
differentiation among geographic regions.
Conclusion: We showed here that chromatographic analysis using formalized
in-house standards of oil resin compounds for co-elution studies against oil resin
samples could identify patterns of variation among samples of C. inophyllum, and
discriminate samples from different geographical origins.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) Q Science > QD Chemistry
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment (FSTE) > Institute of Applied Science
Depositing User:	Joape Ginigini
Date Deposited:	29 May 2019 04:08
Last Modified:	29 May 2019 04:08
URI:	https://repository.usp.ac.fj/id/eprint/11575

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