Weed Hosts of Root-Knot Nematodes and Their Distribution in Fiji

Singh, Sunil K. and Khurma, Uma R. and Lockhart, Peter J. (2010) Weed Hosts of Root-Knot Nematodes and Their Distribution in Fiji. Weed Technology, 24 . pp. 607-612. ISSN 0890-037X

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Abstract

Weeds can act as reservoir hosts of a range of pests and diseases. Information and knowledge on the host status of weeds to common pests and diseases can be used to develop integrated weed and pest management strategies. As part of a survey on
the distribution and diversity of root-knot nematodes on crops in Fiji, the root-knot nematode host status of weeds was
also studied. Weeds growing in root-knot nematode infested farms (n 5 189) and bioassay pot soil samples (n 5 277) were
identified, and their host status was determined on the basis of a root gall and egg-mass index scale from 0 to 5. A total of
45 weed species were recorded as potential weed hosts of root-knot nematodes with a gall index from 1 to 5. Using the
weed and tomato bioassay method, a total of 11 nonhost weed species were recorded with a gall index of 0, relative to
infected tomato growing in pot soil samples. Common weeds infected by root-knot nematodes on farms and in bioassay
pot soil included slender amaranth, old world diamond-flower, tropic ageratum, sicklepod, mimbra, balsamapple, purple
bushbean, little ironweed, ivy gourd, and cutleaf groundcherry. The presence of egg masses on the weed hosts indicated
their ability to sustain root-knot nematode populations and, thus, their potential to act as reservoir hosts.
Nomenclature: Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne Go¨ldi; balsamapple, Momordica charantia L.; cutleaf groundcherry,
Physalis angulata L.; ivy gourd, Coccinia grandis (L.) J. Voigt; little ironweed, Cyanthillium cinereum (L.) H. Rob.; old world diamond-flower, Oldenlandia corymbosa L.; purple bushbean, Macroptilium atropurpureum (Moc. & Sesse ex DC.) Urb.; seedbox, Ludwigia hyssopifolia (G. Don) Excell apud A. R. Fernandes; sicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S. Irwin & Barnaby; slender amaranth, Amaranthus viridus L.; tropic ageratum, Ageratum conyzoides L.; garden tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L

Item Type:	Journal Article
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General)
Divisions:	Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment (FSTE) > School of Biological and Chemical Sciences
Depositing User:	Fulori Nainoca - Waqairagata
Date Deposited:	16 Oct 2016 22:16
Last Modified:	16 Oct 2016 22:17
URI:	https://repository.usp.ac.fj/id/eprint/9400

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